Emtel <-> Orange peering problem

Peering problem again

It looks like peering problem between Emtel & Orange are more frequent than I thought ! With an average of 662ms , this is definitely BAD . A few days ago, I was getting 70ms as average.


ping 41.136.243.249
PING 41.136.243.249 (41.136.243.249): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 41.136.243.249: icmp_seq=0 ttl=51 time=584.352 ms
64 bytes from 41.136.243.249: icmp_seq=1 ttl=51 time=607.247 ms
64 bytes from 41.136.243.249: icmp_seq=2 ttl=51 time=627.821 ms
64 bytes from 41.136.243.249: icmp_seq=3 ttl=51 time=667.448 ms
64 bytes from 41.136.243.249: icmp_seq=4 ttl=51 time=824.904 ms
^C
--- 41.136.243.249 ping statistics ---
5 packets transmitted, 5 packets received, 0.0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 584.352/662.354/824.904/85.746 ms

Emtel AirBox & Orange latency test



Emtel Airbox

When Emtel announced their Airbox, I was initially thrilled, like many other Internet Users. A number of people who were very annoyed with Orange, decided to switch, causing Emtel to struggle to cope with the demand.

Orange to Emtel latency test

I asked a friend to give me his Emtel AirBox IP address to test the latency from my ISP to him, and also the other way round.

PING 154.71.9.70 (154.71.9.70) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 154.71.9.70: icmp_seq=7 ttl=54 time=31.8 ms 64 bytes from 154.71.9.70: icmp_seq=8 ttl=54 time=12.0 ms 64 bytes from 154.71.9.70: icmp_seq=13 ttl=54 time=18.5 ms 64 bytes from 154.71.9.70: icmp_seq=16 ttl=54 time=10.6 ms 64 bytes from 154.71.9.70: icmp_seq=17 ttl=54 time=16.5 ms 64 bytes from 154.71.9.70: icmp_seq=19 ttl=54 time=13.5 ms ^C --- 154.71.9.70 ping statistics --- 19 packets transmitted, 6 received, 68% packet loss, time 18037ms
Wohoo ! It looks like Emtel and Orange are finally moving to correct the peering issues that I identified earlier. We now moved from 78ms to an average of 13ms from Orange to Emtel Airbox.

From Emtel to Orange

Nishal advised to also test the other way: from Emtel to Orange. I asked my friend to ping my Myt30MB/s IP address. The results are:
ping 41.136.241.246 ping 41.136.241.246 with 32 bytes of data: ly from 41.136.241.246: bytes=32 time=17ms TTL=54 ly from 41.136.241.246: bytes=32 time=12ms TTL=54 ly from 41.136.241.246: bytes=32 time=12ms TTL=54 statistics for 41.136.241.246: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 3, Lost = 1 (25% loss), roximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 12ms, Maximum = 17ms, Average = 13ms
Awesome ! We are also getting an average of 13ms from Emtel Airbox to Orange.

Wait a second !

How come we are observing 68% packet loss from Orange to Emtel ? That means that on average, more than 3/5 of the traffic is lost, and eventually re-transmitted. That's bad ! It's killing performance for my friend's Internet Connection. In other words: high loss together can slow down TCP to a crawl.

High latency, and Packet loss is one of the major problems of Internet Users in Mauritius. Emtel should look into improving its wireless coverage to reduce packet loss to at most one tenth for the Emtel Airbox customers to enjoy a decent Internet Connection. I'm also happy to see some action from Emtel and Orange to fix the peering. However, there's still a lot of work ahead of us.

Emtel AirBox & Orange latency test



Emtel Airbox

When Emtel announced their Airbox, I was initially thrilled, like many other Internet Users. A number of people who were very annoyed with Orange, decided to switch, causing Emtel to struggle to cope with the demand.

Orange to Emtel latency test

I asked a friend to give me his Emtel AirBox IP address to test the latency from my ISP to him, and also the other way round.

PING 154.71.9.70 (154.71.9.70) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 154.71.9.70: icmp_seq=7 ttl=54 time=31.8 ms 64 bytes from 154.71.9.70: icmp_seq=8 ttl=54 time=12.0 ms 64 bytes from 154.71.9.70: icmp_seq=13 ttl=54 time=18.5 ms 64 bytes from 154.71.9.70: icmp_seq=16 ttl=54 time=10.6 ms 64 bytes from 154.71.9.70: icmp_seq=17 ttl=54 time=16.5 ms 64 bytes from 154.71.9.70: icmp_seq=19 ttl=54 time=13.5 ms ^C --- 154.71.9.70 ping statistics --- 19 packets transmitted, 6 received, 68% packet loss, time 18037ms
Wohoo ! It looks like Emtel and Orange are finally moving to correct the peering issues that I identified earlier. We now moved from 78ms to an average of 13ms from Orange to Emtel Airbox.

From Emtel to Orange

Nishal advised to also test the other way: from Emtel to Orange. I asked my friend to ping my Myt30MB/s IP address. The results are:
ping 41.136.241.246 ping 41.136.241.246 with 32 bytes of data: ly from 41.136.241.246: bytes=32 time=17ms TTL=54 ly from 41.136.241.246: bytes=32 time=12ms TTL=54 ly from 41.136.241.246: bytes=32 time=12ms TTL=54 statistics for 41.136.241.246: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 3, Lost = 1 (25% loss), roximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 12ms, Maximum = 17ms, Average = 13ms
Awesome ! We are also getting an average of 13ms from Emtel Airbox to Orange.

Wait a second !

How come we are observing 68% packet loss from Orange to Emtel ? That means that on average, more than 3/5 of the traffic is lost, and eventually re-transmitted. That's bad ! It's killing performance for my friend's Internet Connection. In other words: high loss together can slow down TCP to a crawl.

High latency, and Packet loss is one of the major problems of Internet Users in Mauritius. Emtel should look into improving its wireless coverage to reduce packet loss to at most one tenth for the Emtel Airbox customers to enjoy a decent Internet Connection. I'm also happy to see some action from Emtel and Orange to fix the peering. However, there's still a lot of work ahead of us.

Mauritius Internet Exchange Point and Our Latency




What is an Internet exchange point ?


An Internet Exchange Point is basically a busy bus station where all of the island internet traffic meets. I have a friend who lives in Mont Roches, and he lives very close by. We often play Counter Strike or other games. He could be an Emtel customer, whereas I am an Orange customer. It makes no sense for his gaming session to go through Europe or the US, when he is playing against myself. The same goes for me. The Mauritius Internet Exchange Point is where my traffic and his internet traffic can meet other. Instead of going through Europe, his ISP can talk to my ISP through the Internet Exchange Point. The advantage of doing that for Internet Users is that the latency is reduced. The time it takes for his internet traffic to reach my computer is reduced. At least that's how it's supposed to be.


A few weeks ago ...

While doing a latency test from Emtel to Orange, I realised that the latency was almost 350 ms . That's huge for traffic which is supposed to be managed by the Mauritius Internet Exchange Point. In countries like Kenya, The Kenyan Internet Exchange Point can reduce latencies among local ISP to 2-10 ms . 350ms is the latency I usually get from gaming servers in Europe.

I send a mail

Being curious, I write a mail, and I get a reply from one of the members of the Mauritius Internet Exchange Point Association, asking for more technical details.

A few days later ...

I do the same test from Emtel to Orange, and I get 78ms as latency ! That's cut almost to one third. That's reasonable, but in my humble opinion, if Kenyan Internet Exchange Point can get 2-10ms, why can't we get that ? What is the advantage of a very low latency in Mauritius ? Well, we can get fluid experience for gamers hosting Local matches. We can get our viber/whatsapp for people who do voice calls. Below 50ms, Interesting mobile applications for the Mauritian market can hatch. Right now, the voice quality of viber calls is horrible in Mauritius. If we had a local viber node, and latency of around 20ms, we would get great experience talking to another Mauritian on the island.

The future

I sincerely hope that the Mauritius Internet Exchange Point fixes the latency issue. 78 ms is still quite high for Local Internet Traffic between ISPs , where other countries are reaching 2-10ms between ISPs. I'm positive that my dream of improving the Internet in Mauritius is slowly coming reality as many gamers are currently getting better latencies from Emtel Airtel to Orange FTTH, and vice-versa. We can still do better !

Linux meetup : An introduction to Flask by Avinash Meetoo

Flask is a web microframework which was created by Armin Ronacher of Pocoo and it is written in python. The “micro” in microframework means Flask aims to keep the core simple but extensible.

Flask is based on MVC Web Architecture which allows you to have models, views and controllers and plugins can be added to make it more powerful. LinkedIn and Pinterest both make use of Flask.
Flask is considered more Pythonic than Django because Flask web application code is in most cases more explicit.

The following code below shows a simple web application which was explained by Avinash Meetoo during the Linux meetup.


from flask import Flask
// First we import the Flask class.
From flask import render_template
// render_template is a function being imported from module flask.
app = Flask(__name__)
// Next we create an instance of this class called app which is basically a controller.
// (__name__)is needed so that Flask knows where to look for the assets like css, js and templates.
@app.route('/')
//Next, we define route for the home of the web application, which is accessed through the url – localhost:5000/
def home():
return render_template(‘home.html’)

// home() is the function that is executed each time a request come to this route (‘/’). In this function, it is going to render a template which is ‘home.html’.
if __name__ == '__main__':
// makes sure the server only runs if the script is executed directly from the Python interpreter and not used as an imported module.
app.run(debug = True)
// Finally we use the run () function to run the local server with our application.

 

“demo.py” was used as the controller to render the template ‘home.html’ .

During this presentation, Avinash Meetoo explained the codes and functionalities that he used when he created a web application for the general elections in 2014. “electionsmauritius.py” was used as the controller to run the application.
Flask is easy to get started with as a beginner because there is little boilerplate code for getting a simple app up and running.
The presentation can be found on the YouTube link below:

 

Summary done by Neha Gunnoo.

 

Opensource Web application in Collaboration with Government Agency

The Data Protection Office has a self-assessment questionnaire ( http://dataprotection.govmu.org/English//DOCUMENTS/SELF%20ASSESSMENT%20PDF.PDF ) for compliance with Data Protection obligations. Doing such an assessment on paper and evaluating the results can be a cumbersome process.

Subramanian Moonesamy, Ishwon K. Sookun, Bundhoo Mohammad Nadim, Tejas Pagooah and Ajay Ramjatan volunteered five months of time and effort to develop a Privacy Compliance Assessment Webapp in collaboration with the Data Protection Office to make the process as user-friendly as possible. The Web app can be accessed at http://www.elandsys.com/~sm/privacy-mu/

DPO-webapp

 

It is the first time a group of volunteers in Mauritius develop an Open Source Software project in collaboration with a government agency. It was also to showcase responsive web design, i.e. the Webapp looks good on a desktop, tablet or a mobile.

The webapp does not store cookies, nor uses any other web tracking mechanism. Hence anyone who conducts an assessment using this webapp can do it anonymously, without any fear of being tracked.

The webapp is free software and can be freely distributed or modified under GNU General Public License.

Quick fix for fast forward youtube



Symptom

Youtube loads but there is no sound, and youtube seems to be playing in fast forward mode.

After digging around, I realised that the sound sub-system of Linux needs to be badly fixed. It tries to play through the audio HDMI port first. Youtube should also fix their sound output code on Linux. The trick is to disable the HDMI codec driver for the sound.

Add this line in modprobe.conf: blacklist snd_hda_codec_hdmi

I've seen huge threads about this problem on various forums. Maybe this will help a few people.

Linux Meetup (29/08/2015)




A Linux Meetup after a long time !

We held our first meetup after a very very long time :) I wasn't expecting 71 people, but we got around 13 people who showed up. Quite a few couldn't make it at the last minute. The usual suspects showed up with the addition of Ashvin, who made it this time :) 2 employees of Mauritius Telecom were also present.

group

Bufferbloat explained

I demo'ed and explained the bad latency that Internet Users experienced on the DSLresport website. I explained how, once you cross 5MB/s, your bandwidth isn't that important anymore. Now, we need to talk about latency . When, I showed how by implementing CoDEL we could solve the latency problem, the 2 employees of Mauritius Telecom understood the issue at hand. Unfortunately, none of Emtel, Canal+ or Bharat Telecom engineers were around, sadly.

I hope that ISP guys get the message concerning the need for low latency in Mauritius for us to be able to benefit from a good service for services like VOIP, gaming, teleconference, and IMs.

With Open Source software and Linux, we were able to show how we can still achieve low latency while saturating both our uplink and downlink on a Mauritius Telecom MyT/30 Mbit/s connection. Quite a few people, in particular, Ajay Ramjatan & Shaan Nobee asked a lot of questions regarding fq_coDEL and the theory behind AQM.

I sincerely hope to see University Students pick up on research related to bufferbloat and how to fix it. I hope that Wifi will be fixed, as well as possibly adjusting coDEL for Mauritius.

There were a few questions regarding the IETF, and the applicability of standards. I explained how participation in standards is crucial for emerging countries like ours. In particular, I emphasize on the importance of sending Networking and Systems Engineers to conferences like the IETF, through the budget for training, rather than sending marketting guys, who would never be able to sell anything to a knowledgeable engineer. Too many IT companies think that investing in training is too expensive, and do not realise how they can grow their portolio of services for their customers.

Overall, It was a fun meetup. I hope that we, Linux users, can work together with ISPs to fix the latency issues that 99% of customers are currently experiencing right now.

URL for my presentation: my presentation
Dave Taht's talk on Bufferbloat At Stanford:
Dave Taht talk at Stanford

--Logan
C-x-C-c

Ebene In 2020

A Newspaper in 2020 ...

PORT LOUIS, Jul 2 2020 (slashslash) - Workers from Bangladesh have helped Mauritius to achieve the Knowledge Hub success and world market share that the Indian Ocean island state boasts about. But many live and work in conditions described as akin to “modern slavery”, apart from facing discrimination, the denial of labour rights and even violence.

The 32 year old Mohamed Amin* left his wife and two children in low-income Bangladesh 23 months ago to look for greener pastures in the ICT/BPO industry in Mauritius

He paid 150,000 takkas (about 2,200 dollars) to an agent in his country for a job as a Software Engineer upon the promise of earning 20,000 Mauritian rupees (about 665 dollars) a month.

"That (the promised 665 dollars) is big money in Bangladesh and I was prepared to make any sacrifice for it,” Amin told slashslash who visited him at Ebene, in northern Mauritius, where he lives in a container provided by his employer, SmartCities Inc.

But, today, the Bangladeshi worker earns little more than a quarter of that amount. “I have been cheated,” he said.

He is frustrated as, in about a year’s time, he will have to leave the island. Amin is yet to save any money to take home. His meagre earnings allow him to cover his living expenses and to send a limited amount of money to his family every three months.

Poverty, unemployment and the high cost of living are the factors that force Amin and his compatriots to leave their country and look for jobs abroad.

“The employers do not care for them; they live like animals. How can humans sleep in such places?” he asked. “There is no government office where they can complain — even when their passports are seized from them.”

“Some employers are still treating their workers as mere objects that will keep on producing until the end of their contracts,” he told slashslash.

“A migrant worker should enjoy the same terms and conditions of employment and the same prescribed salary than those granted to the locals, besides a free return air ticket, food allowance, lodging and accommodation in Mauritius,” the minister explained, referring to government regulations.

Carlos Charette, chairperson of the OTAM, admitted to slashslash that some IT employers are to blame for the poor living conditions. However, he insisted that the dormitories are in a good condition when the expatriates first arrive.

“These are checked by the relevant health and fire services before the expatriates land there. We should understand that these people come from poor and dirty countries where hygiene does not exist. They put the dormitories in such a state that one cannot go inside because of the bad smell,” he told slashslash, without flinching.

-- A satirical fiction written, based on current "suggested" measures!

Danger for IT workers in Mauritius



It starts with an article in Defi-media

I woke up today and found this article: defi-media . After reading it, I was shocked to discover the suggestions put forward by OTAM and some of the people who were interviewed, including the founder of MSCC !

Claim #1 : "proposes that firms be permitted to recruit freely"

What does that mean ? Well, to hire a skilled foreigner in IT, a company has to pay him a minimum salary of Rs 30,000. Previously, it was Rs 40,000. Many foreign workers skilled in IT are getting better salaries: I heard people earning up to Rs 90,000. If employers are allowed to hire freely as OTAM suggests: here is what is going to happen: Mauritius is going to be flooded with IT workers who will work for Rs 6,000/month. . In other words, if we remove the Rs 30,000 minimum salary, local IT companies can hire workers for Rs 6,000/month, from Countries like Bangladesh. OTAM uses the analogy of the Manufacturing sector to justify this. Now, Mauritians work for Rs 6,000 in Textile factories. Is this what we want for our co-workers, friends, and future children who we are grooming for a prestigious career in IT in Mauritius ? What is also shocking is that the MSCC does not show that it disagreed with OTAM's claim #1. This leads me to question the motivations of MSCC.

Claim #2: "Quality of graduates"

Quote from MSCC: "The notion of having a graduate per household led to a drop in the level of education, which translates through a lack of skills. It is thus detrimental to operators, who must train young people, which costs time and resources".

I am not convinced by claim #2. The quality of graduates from Mauritius is not that different from Countries like India, which are doing quite well in the area of ICT. I am myself a product of the so-called "one graduate per family". Can MSCC or OTAM point out how my skills are not as good as software engineers from the US or Germany ? I've been approached by Fortune 500 companies in the US, and offered engineering jobs in some of the world's most prestigious IT companies.

I think that OTAM is using the fact that the quality of IT education in Mauritius needs improvment as a scapegoat excuse to justify hiring people from outside, and pay them Rs 6000/month. The real goal of OTAM is to eliminate the Rs 30,000 minimum salary that the government imposes on foreign workers who want to work in Mauritius. Again, I am deeply disappointed in the stance that MSCC took on this matter.

THe real issue is that many of the local IT companies do not invest in training of their workers. One software engineer in the US can cost 4000 to 5000 Euros. That's almost Rs 144,000 . If you want to hire a junior developer in France, you would need to pay at least 1500 Euros. That's Rs 60,000. Knowing those facts: we know that a starting developer gets around Rs 20,000 here. So on each junior developer, an outsourcing company is saving up to Rs 40,000 ! Yeah, Rs 40,000 ! So the companies are putting that money in their pockets, instead of trying to invest into improving the skills of their employees. Now, they want junior developers who will work for Rs 6,000/month. THIS IS OUTRAGEOUS !

Claim #3: "Disloyalty"